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Animal and human studies10/21/2009
Heroin and crack, the most addictive Class A drugs, were responsible for 61,636 people seeking treatment last year, but this fell from a peak of 64,288 users in treatment in 2007-08.

But while young people in treatment fell, the proportion of over-35s seeking treatment for the first time for heroin and crack has increased by a fifth from 20,465 in 2005-06 to 24,414 in 2008-09.

There are an estimated 330,000 heroin and crack users in England. The average time for accessing treatment is pearl jewelry wholesale less than five working days.

Heroin and crack account for 83 per cent of cases in which adults were seeking treatment for the first time in 2008-09, while cocaine accounted for 6 per cent of cases and cannabis also accounted for 6 per cent.

Of the 172,624 adults in treatment for crack and heroin problems, 162,000 (94 per cent) ¡°successfully completed or benefited¡± from their treatment, the agency said.

Dr Emily Finch, a psychiatrist from the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (Slam) with a long history of treating drug users, said: ¡°We are attracting people to treatment earlier. People aren¡¯t using for 10 to 20 years any more, they are using for three to four years.

¡°It¡¯s good that treatment is attractive and available enough that people do that.

¡°Reduction in use with young people would indicate to me that we are getting on top of this problem.¡±

Martin Barnes, chief executive of the freshwater pearl charity DrugScope, said that it was encouraging that fewer young people were presenting to services with problems with heroin or crack cocaine.

"However, suggestions that we may have reached the ¡®high watermark¡¯ of heroin and crack problems in this country may be premature, not least at a time of recession when a growing number of young people are not in employment or training and overall unemployment is rising.¡±

The figures come after research published this week suggested that an experimental vaccine to treat cocaine use could help some addicts to halve their dependency on the drug.

Animal and human studies published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that high
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levels of anti-cocaine antibodies in the blood can stop addicts experiencing a high. Doctors at Yale University School of Medicine gave the vaccine to 55 cocaine addicts and found that 38 per cent were able to achieve the necessary antibody levels to reduce the drug¡¯s effects, enabling them to wean themselves off it. However, the researchers add that users would require repeated injections to maintain the effects and it may be several years before a viable vaccination is available. 

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Addiction to cocaine among young doubles in four years10/21/2009

The number of young people addicted to cocaine has nearly doubled in four years as dependence on heroin or crack declines, NHS figures suggest.

Officials heralded the end of the ¡°Trainspotting¡± generation as the number of 18 to 24 year-olds seeking treatment for heroin and crack problems has fallen 30 per cent from 12,320 in 2005-06 to 8,603 last year.

But the number in this age group seeking treatment for serious cocaine addiction rose from 1,591 users in 2005 to 2,998 in 2008, reflecting the increasing popularity of the drug in Britain¡¯s pubs, clubs and bars.

Paul Hayes, chief executive of the pearl jewelry National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse (NTA), said that the rise in young people seeking treatment for a dependency on cocaine was significant, as many could be using the drug without feeling like they had a problem. He said: ¡°What seems to be happening is that for people who engage in normal late adolescence, early-20s night-clubbing, pub-going, cocaine use is pearl jewelry wholesale becoming more normal among that population. It¡¯s become an adjunct to alcohol or cannabis use.
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¡°Most of the increase in powder cocaine use is as part of a lifestyle rather than necessarily the consequences of the problems associated with poverty, crime and social dislocation that often lie behind crack problems.¡±

Overall, record numbers of adults are being treated for drug addiction, with a total of 207,580 adults undergoing treatment in 2008-09, data from the NTA shows.

¡°A dramatic generational shift is taking place,¡± Mr Hayes added. ¡°Young adults with wholesale pearl jewelry early problem drug use are getting into treatment quicker before their addiction becomes as entrenched as it used to.

¡°We are optimistic that we may have passed the high water mark in the heroin epidemic that began in the early 80s and the reduction of the number of 18 to 24-year-olds coming forward to treatment is a reflection of a very positive trend.¡±

While heroin use had been glamorised as ¡°chic¡± in the 1980s and 1990s, and led to films such as Trainspotting, based on a book by the Scottish author Irvine Welsh, Mr Hayes put the decline in use down to a combination of factors including the availability of treatment and ¡°less ignorance¡± about the consequence of using drugs.

¡°Young people are very savvy. They have seen the consequences of using heroin for earlier generations. It¡¯s no longer seen as having any glamour attachment to it at all.¡±

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Screening test ¡®doubles the chance of pregnancy for women on IVF10/21/2009
A genetic-screening test could more than double the chances of pregnancy for women who undergo fertility treatment, a study suggests.

The first trial of its kind has found that two out of three women having in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) became pregnant if their embryos were checked for abnormalities before being implanted in the pearl jewelry womb, compared with less than a third where the test was not used.

The technique, known as comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH), checks chromosomes in the developing embryo. Only those embryos with the best chance of becoming a healthy baby are used in fertility treatment. The £2,000 test is available in only a handful of private clinics in Britain. Researchers hope that it will become standard practice to help both NHS and paying patients to start a family.

Dagan Wells, a Senior Fellow in pearl jewelry wholesale Reproductive Genetics at Oxford University who developed CGH, said that babies had now been born among a group of 115 American women whose embryos had been screened.
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The results will be presented this week at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine¡¯s annual conference in Atlanta.

The women received IVF tre pearl necklace atment at the Colorado Centre for Reproductive Medicine in the US, but cells from the embryos were flown to Dr Wells¡¯s clinic in Oxford for analysis.

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Screening test ¡®doubles the chance of pregnancy for women on IVF10/21/2009
A genetic-screening test could more than double the chances of pregnancy for women who undergo fertility treatment, a study suggests.

The first trial of its kind has found that two out of three women having in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) became pregnant if their embryos were checked for abnormalities before being implanted in the pearl jewelry womb, compared with less than a third where the test was not used.

The technique, known as comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH), checks chromosomes in the developing embryo. Only those embryos with the best chance of becoming a healthy baby are used in fertility treatment. The £2,000 test is available in only a handful of private clinics in Britain. Researchers hope that it will become standard practice to help both NHS and paying patients to start a family.

Dagan Wells, a Senior Fellow in pearl jewelry wholesale Reproductive Genetics at Oxford University who developed CGH, said that babies had now been born among a group of 115 American women whose embryos had been screened.
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The results will be presented this week at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine¡¯s annual conference in Atlanta.

The women received IVF tre pearl necklace atment at the Colorado Centre for Reproductive Medicine in the US, but cells from the embryos were flown to Dr Wells¡¯s clinic in Oxford for analysis.

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A balmy Copenhagen summit in December might serve to focus minds10/21/2009
Climate change sceptics have seized on recent satellite images showing that sea ice in the Arctic expanded during the past two summers. The bare numbers are an inconvenient truth for those who argue that global warming is the greatest threat to mankind.

Ice covered 2.07 million square inflatable miles (5.36 million sq km) of ocean last month ¡ª 266,000 sq miles more than in 2008 and 409,000 more than in 2007.

World leaders hoping to secure a global deal on cutting greenhouse gas emissions at the Copenhagen summit in December might have found their task easier if the ice had retreated.

However, closer analysis of the inflatable bouncer numbers reveals how snapshots of climate change data can be highly misleading. Long-term averages do not lend themselves to snappy headlines but are more revealing.
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This year¡¯s summer ice coverage was the third-lowest on record and 649,000 sq miles below the 1979 to 2000 September average.

The increase since 2007 can be explained partly by cloudier skies in late summer and partly by unusual atmospheric patterns spreading out the ice pack.

It would be much harder for inflatable castles climate scientists to explain away one or two decades of cooler temperatures, yet they may be called upon to do so.

Mojib Latif, a climate physicist at the University of Kiel in Germany, forecasts that cyclical changes in the atmosphere and ocean currents in the North Atlantic Ocean will result in a cooling trend over the next few years.

Mr Latif says that he is not a climate change sceptic and that the underlying warming trend will reassert itself. Convincing a suspicious public will be difficult.

The chances of there being a successful deal in Copenhagen hang in the balance. If the Danish capital basks in sunshine for the two weeks of the conference it will tell us nothing about climate change but could prove decisive by focusing minds on the problem. 

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